OBJECTIVE
According to Louis Allen "Objectives are goals established to guide the affairs of the company and each of its components". The key to effective planning lies in objectives.
Only a well-defined objective or goal highlights the need for planning. Apart from planning, objectives are also useful in managerial function like organizing, directing and controlling. Being an important aid in decision making in any area of business, clear-cut objectives also encourage consistency in decision making in the long run. Objectives are key to effective planning. In, fact, planning has no meaning unless it is related to certain well defined objectives or goals. Objectives are not only useful in planning but also in other managerial function like organizing, directing and controlling. They are an important aid in decision - making in any area of business. Clear-cut objectives encourage Consistency in decision making in the long run.
Significance of Objectives
The important of clearly defined objectives is generally recognized as contributing to management function in a variety of ways.
- Objectives serve as reference points for keeping the reports of the organization
On Proper lines.
- The are helpful in coordinating the activities undertaken by the organization
- Continuous reviewing of objectives helps the organization to complete
Effectively with the rival firms.
- Objectives serves prerequisites to determine effective policies, procedures
Methods, strategies and rules.
- Objectives provide the basis of control by clarifying the contribution of each
Position as well as each unit
Objectives of My Project
My project is about "Maternity management system", in which there are two works. When any pregnant woman enters for the delivery according to EDD(expected date of delivery). We maintain all the reports and conditions of delivery and after that computer generate the report that child issue either normal or by operation.
For that my project maintain some case like-
- Transverse lie
- Breach presentation
- Chord around the neck
- Child kicking
- Foetal heart sound
- Twins condition etc.
After that, my project also maintains all the charges and generates the reports about billing. Such as
- Consultation charge
- Nursing charge
- Delivery Charge
- Room rent Oxygen Charge
- Operation Charge
- Extra Charges
- Total
Nature of Objectives
- Objectives are realistic and operational
- Objectives are multiple in nature
- Objectives may be long-range or short range
- Objectives follow a hierarchy
Overall, I can say, my project is about "MATERNITY CENTRE". It also maintains patient ledger, which keeps the records about the patients who has discharged from Nursing Home.
Planning
For any project work planning is necessary. I had also planned something before starting my project. So, I would like to define the "PLAN" word.
P = Pre
L = Learning
A = According
N = Need
It means Plan is "pre learning according to need". It is clear to say that planning is basically an exercise in determining the ends (i.e objectives) and means to achieve them. Thus, Planning process involves basically two phases.
- Determination of objectives
- Setting of goal and objectives
Determination of Objectives
Planning is an ongoing organizational function that provides the road map for operational activities and decision making. The organizational mission is translated into operational objectives through an organizational hierarchy of planning activities. In my project I did that what would be output and to achieve that output i did work according to determine plan.
Settings of Goals and Objectives
The is general agreement on the meaning of terms used in planning, but the tend to be imprecisely and interchangeably.
The main objectives comes after the computerization of "MATERNITY CENTRE".
- Improve processing speed in Nursing home
- Enhance capacity to process a greater amount of activity
- Providing ability in conducting complex search
- Faster retrieval of information Greater accuracy and consistency
- Reducing paper work
- Reducing cost, using computing capability to process data at a lower cost than possible with other methods, while maintaining accuracy and performance levels
- Improved arrangements for patients
- Reduces involvement of manpower
Actually my project is about to "MANAGEMENT". So, I also would like to define "MANAGEMENT" word.
There are many definitions of management, which emphasize one or the other important aspect of many management activities. Some people define management as "an art of getting things done through others".
This definition is incomplete because it considers only one aspect of managing, i.e. getting work from others. Managing is certainly much more than that. It includes decision - making, planning organizing, staffing, directing and controlling for the achievement of organizational objectives.
The above definition has been criticized on two more grounds. Firstly, this definition smacks of a manipulative character about the practices of management. Secondly, the conception of employees as mere means to certain ends, seems to be embodied in this definition. It is true that and enterprise employs people for the efficient and effective utilization of material resources to achieve its purpose. But the people so employed have their needs which they seek to fulfill through their work-place.
Function of Management
Heneri Fayol the father of principle of management, said, "To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and to control". Thus, FAYOL classified management function into five categories.
Luther Gullick gave a classification of seven function of management. He coined the word "PODSCORB" to describe the funcition of management. This word is made up of the initials of the following function namely.
- Planning
- Organizing
- Directing
- Staffing
- Coordinating
- Reporting
- Budgeting
INPUT-------------->FUNCTION--------------->OUTPUT
Men Planning
Material Organizing Desirable
Machines Staffing Goals
Methods Directing And
Money Controlling Services
THE PROCESS OF MANAGEMENT
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